{"id":106253,"date":"2026-10-22T14:17:54","date_gmt":"2026-10-22T18:17:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.adviews.info\/news\/?p=106253"},"modified":"2026-10-22T14:17:54","modified_gmt":"2026-10-22T18:17:54","slug":"was-van-goghs-the-starry-night-a-flight-of-fancy-or-a-real-sky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.adviews.info\/news\/?p=106253","title":{"rendered":"Was van Gogh\u2019s \u2018The Starry Night\u2019 a flight of fancy or a real sky?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vincent van Gogh\u2019s \u201cThe Starry Night\u201d may have been based on one specific night sky: July 22, 1889, just before dawn over France.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If that\u2019s true, it means the famous painting was based on real observations, not just van Gogh\u2019s imagination, astronomer Elijah Jeong-hyun Kim and colleagues report October 22 in <em>Scientific Reports<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cHow could an invented sky fit the sky of a particular date this closely?\u201d the team writes. \u201cObservation and imagination have commonly been treated as an either\/or, yet \u2018The Starry Night\u2019 shows the two coexisting on one canvas.\u201d<\/p>\n<aside class=\"sn-conversion rich-text rich-text--with-sidebar\">\n<p>We summarize the week&#8217;s scientific breakthroughs every Thursday.<\/p>\n<p>                                input[type=&#8221;radio&#8221;].svelte-wecxzz{display:none}.payment-option-wrapper.svelte-wecxzz.svelte-wecxzz{display:flex;flex:1 0 28%;width:100%}.payment-option-wrapper.svelte-wecxzz.svelte-wecxzz:only-child{max-width:325px}.box-container.svelte-wecxzz.svelte-wecxzz{display:flex;flex-direction:column;flex:1 1 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}}.zephr-form-disabled-div{pointer-events:none;opacity:0.8}.zephr-form-relative-container{position:relative}.zephr-form-flex-container{display:flex}.zephr-form-input-inner-button{cursor:pointer;position:absolute;top:50%;transform:translateY(-50%);right:5px;padding:10px 5px}.zephr-form-input-inner-text{color:var(&#8211;zephr-color-text-main);font-size:var(&#8211;zf-subtext-fontSize);font-weight:bold;font-family:var(&#8211;zf-root-fontFamily)}<br \/>\n]]&gt;<\/p>\n<\/aside>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Art historians typically date \u201cThe Starry Night\u201d to mid-June 1889, based on one of van Gogh\u2019s letters to his brother Theo.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cAt last I have a landscape with olive trees, and also a new study of a starry sky,\u201d van Gogh wrote on or about June 18. About a month earlier, van Gogh had entered a hospital in Saint-R\u00e9my-de-Provence, France. \u201cThe Starry Night\u201d is thought to represent the view through the window of his room. A short time later, van Gogh experienced an illness during which he didn\u2019t paint for about six weeks, so most historians think \u201cThe Starry Night\u201d must have been painted before then.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">That letter is taken as strong evidence, says astronomer Donald Olson of Texas State University in San Marcos, who has written about <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/timing-moonrise-van-gogh-painting-put-calendar\">how astronomy shows up in art history<\/a>. Historians favor the June date because \u201cvan Gogh himself said so,\u201d he says.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">That assumption has led to some confusion, though. In the 1980s, two astronomers tried to match the painting\u2019s stars to real skies in Saint-R\u00e9my in mid-June. One proposed that the sky was from June 19, 1889, and the collection of swirly stars is the constellation Aries.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">But the other concluded it couldn\u2019t have been painted on June 19, based on cloudy weather reports in Aix-en-Provence, France, about 70 kilometers away. That study claimed the painting was \u201ca celestial composite, constructed to make an image of the morning sky.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kim, who founded a telescope-building company called SLLAB Inc. in Seoul, South Korea, didn\u2019t know about the June date when he became interested in \u201cThe Starry Night.\u201d \u201cUnlike previous astronomical studies, we could start freely,\u201d he says.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Given his job, Kim had an intuition for which stars would be visible when. \u201cPeople like me, who guide a telescope through its first alignment with the sky, naturally memorize where the stars are,\u201d he says.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">He was skeptical of the Aries theory. The stars in that constellation are faint enough that they wouldn\u2019t be all that visible in the predawn sky, \u201chardly enough to inspire a painter,\u201d he says.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Instead, Kim saw the stars as the Hyades star cluster, which forms a sideways V shape in the constellation Taurus. To test that theory, he and his colleagues applied a statistical technique called Procrustes shape analysis to put a number to how well the stars in the painting matched any particular constellation.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Celestial alignment?<\/h3>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Researchers compared the V-shaped collection of stars in \u201cThe Starry Night\u201d (first image) with those in the Hyades star cluster (middle image). The resulting graph (last image) maps the real stars (blue) and the painting\u2019s stars (orange) against each other. They don\u2019t overlap perfectly, but they\u2019re suspiciously close, researchers say. The label Sn stands for \u201cThe Starry Night.\u201d while the constellation\u2019s Greek letters represent typical astronomy notation.<\/p>\n<ol class=\"slides swiper-wrapper slideshow__slides___BfLMo\">\n<li class=\"slideshow__wrapper___Aebb- item-1 swiper-slide\" role=\"listitem\">\n<figure class=\"slideshow__figure___DHfIZ\"><figcaption class=\"slideshow__gallery-caption___jcoF1\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"caption\" \/>\t\t\t\t<span class=\"credit\">E.J. Kim <em>et al.<\/em>\/<em>Scientific Reports<\/em>, 2026<\/span>\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"slideshow__wrapper___Aebb- item-2 swiper-slide\" role=\"listitem\">\n<figure class=\"slideshow__figure___DHfIZ\"><figcaption class=\"slideshow__gallery-caption___jcoF1\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"caption\" \/>\t\t\t\t<span class=\"credit\">E.J. Kim <em>et al.<\/em>\/<em>Scientific Reports<\/em>, 2026<\/span>\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"slideshow__wrapper___Aebb- item-3 swiper-slide\" role=\"listitem\">\n<figure class=\"slideshow__figure___DHfIZ\">\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"534\" height=\"383\" src=\"https:\/\/www.adviews.info\/news\/wp-content\/plugins\/RSSPoster_PRO\/cache\/77899_102226_LS_StarryNight_inline3.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"This graph shows how the placement of the stars in van Gogh's The Starry Night and in the Hyades star cluster are similarly aligned.\" data-attachment-id=\"3180846\" data-permalink=\"\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/10\/102226_LS_StarryNight_inline3.png\" data-orig-size=\"680,488\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-title=\"102226_LS_StarryNight_inline3\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/10\/102226_LS_StarryNight_inline3.png?w=627\" \/><figcaption class=\"slideshow__gallery-caption___jcoF1\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"caption\" \/>\t\t\t\t<span class=\"credit\">E.J. Kim <em>et al.<\/em>\/<em>Scientific Reports<\/em>, 2026<\/span>\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<aside class=\"sn-conversion rich-text rich-text--with-sidebar\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">Sponsor Message<\/p>\n<p><!-- Tag ID: sciencenews-org_leaderboard_incontent --><br \/>\n<\/aside>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The team tested the method on another van Gogh skyscape, \u201cStarry Night Over the Rh\u00f4ne,\u201d which clearly depicts the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/why-humans-chose-particular-groups-stars-constellations\">Big Dipper<\/a>. \u201cApart from the Big Dipper, there is no star pattern we can say for certain that Vincent painted,\u201d Kim says. The degree of matching between the art and the sky for both paintings turned out to be similar, a major clue.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kim also used the position and phase of the moon (a waxing gibbous on June 19, in contrast to the sharp waning crescent in the painting) and Venus to further constrain the painting\u2019s date. He used computer simulations that weren\u2019t available in the \u201880s to calculate the positions of celestial objects on certain dates in 1889 down to the second. He even traveled to France in June and July 2019 to try to find the field of view van Gogh would have seen from his window. Ultimately, July 22, 1889, was the best fit for the team\u2019s data.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cI still cannot forget the moment we finally found the spot, overlaid the drawing on the view and saw it fit perfectly,\u201d Kim says. \u201cI was standing where Vincent had stood 130 years earlier. And the thrill I felt when I confirmed that the moon, the Hyades and Venus of July 22, 1889, fit exactly within the drawing\u2019s field of view is still with me.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Not to douse Kim\u2019s enthusiasm, but that field of view may not be exactly what van Gogh saw, Olson says.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cThe authors\u2019 assumed narrow field of view, essential for their theory that the stars of the Hyades fill most of the canvas, is inconsistent with the much wider field of view required to encompass \u2018The Starry Night\u2019s\u2019 round hills and cliffs,\u201d he says. That casts doubt on the paper\u2019s conclusions.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Olson proposes an experiment: Tell an amateur astronomer that \u201cThe Starry Night\u201d depicts the Hyades and ask them to point out the star Aldebaran, which is at the bottom left of the V. In real life, this is the brightest star in the Hyades. But the painting has other much more prominent stars. \u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cIf [the authors\u2019] theory is correct, then this should be easy,\u201d Olson says. Kim and colleagues identify Aldebaran as one of the two stars to the left of the cypress tree in \u201cThe Starry Night.\u201d\u00a0But Olson thinks others will see it differently. \u201cA decent guess is that an experienced amateur astronomer, even when prompted to see the Hyades, will not identify Aldebaran as either of the two stars to the left of the cypress tree.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vincent van Gogh\u2019s \u201cThe Starry Night\u201d may have been based on one specific night sky: July 22, 1889, just before dawn over France. If that\u2019s true, it means the famous painting was based on real observations, not just van Gogh\u2019s imagination, astronomer Elijah Jeong-hyun Kim and colleagues report October 22 in Scientific Reports. \u201cHow could [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":106254,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[10],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.adviews.info\/news\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/106253"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.adviews.info\/news\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.adviews.info\/news\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.adviews.info\/news\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.adviews.info\/news\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=106253"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.adviews.info\/news\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/106253\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.adviews.info\/news\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/106254"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.adviews.info\/news\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=106253"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.adviews.info\/news\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=106253"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.adviews.info\/news\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=106253"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}