{"id":105831,"date":"2026-09-02T04:48:16","date_gmt":"2026-09-02T08:48:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.adviews.info\/news\/?p=105831"},"modified":"2026-09-02T04:48:16","modified_gmt":"2026-09-02T08:48:16","slug":"dark-matter-hunters-may-have-finally-spotted-a-hint-of-the-particles","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.adviews.info\/news\/?p=105831","title":{"rendered":"Dark matter hunters may have finally spotted a hint of the particles"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One day in June 2023, the numerous, unblinking electronic eyes of the LUX-ZEPLIN detector may have glimpsed something remarkable \u2014 possibly the first direct detection of the shadowy dark matter that pervades the cosmos. Or it may have been just another Friday.<\/p>\n<p>A new analysis of data from LUX-ZEPLIN, or LZ, found a single particle interaction that is consistent with dark matter, researchers report September 1 at the TeV Particle Astrophysics meeting in Tendo, Japan, and in a paper posted on LZ\u2019s website. But one event is not conclusive. Without more data, scientists can\u2019t be sure what it is.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The lone unexpected event has physicists buzzing. \u201cIt\u2019s the most interesting thing that\u2019s come up in recent times,\u201d says theoretical physicist Wick Haxton of the University of California, Berkeley, who was not involved in the research. \u201cSo I definitely think that there\u2019ll be a flood of people looking at this event.\u201d<\/p>\n<aside class=\"sn-conversion rich-text rich-text--with-sidebar\">\n<p>We summarize the week&#8217;s scientific breakthroughs every Thursday.<\/p>\n<p>                                input[type=&#8221;radio&#8221;].svelte-wecxzz{display:none}.payment-option-wrapper.svelte-wecxzz.svelte-wecxzz{display:flex;flex:1 0 28%;width:100%}.payment-option-wrapper.svelte-wecxzz.svelte-wecxzz:only-child{max-width:325px}.box-container.svelte-wecxzz.svelte-wecxzz{display:flex;flex-direction:column;flex:1 1 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}}.zephr-form-disabled-div{pointer-events:none;opacity:0.8}.zephr-form-relative-container{position:relative}.zephr-form-flex-container{display:flex}.zephr-form-input-inner-button{cursor:pointer;position:absolute;top:50%;transform:translateY(-50%);right:5px;padding:10px 5px}.zephr-form-input-inner-text{color:var(&#8211;zephr-color-text-main);font-size:var(&#8211;zf-subtext-fontSize);font-weight:bold;font-family:var(&#8211;zf-root-fontFamily)}<br \/>\n]]&gt;<\/p>\n<\/aside>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">But physicists are a cautious breed. \u201cIt\u2019s only one event. So who knows what\u2019s really going on here,\u201d says theoretical physicist Dan Hooper of the University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison. \u201cThat said, it\u2019s intriguing.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dark matter is an invisible substance that\u2019s never been directly observed, despite decades of searching. Its existence is gleaned based on its <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/dark-matter-clump-milky-way\">gravitational influence on the universe<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">LZ, located at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, S.D., searches for a class of dark matter called weakly interacting massive particles, or WIMPs, crashing into atomic nuclei in a tank of liquid xenon. Like an atomic game of billiard balls, such a collision would send a xenon nucleus zinging away, producing a small flash of light and releasing electrons that LZ\u2019s sensors can spot. The new analysis targeted a hypothesized version of dark matter that flings the nucleus at particularly high energy.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dual signals isolate potential dark matter<\/h3>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The LZ detector is designed to detect two signals when a dark matter particle interacts with an atomic nucleus in the detector. As the nucleus recoils, it creates a flash of light, which is detected immediately by arrays of light sensors (circles at top and bottom). The event also releases electrons (red) which drift through the detector due to an electric field. When the electrons reach the top, they make another flash of light.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull\"><figcaption><span class=\"credit mobile-credit wp-credit-3178809\">Greg Stewart\/SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory<\/span><span class=\"credit desktop-credit wp-credit-3178808\">Greg Stewart\/SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">After combing through 220 days\u2019 worth of data, \u201cwe got left with one event, which is fascinating \u2014 absolutely fascinating,\u201d says LZ spokesperson Rick Gaitskell, a physicist at Brown University. Based on physicists\u2019 best assessments, there\u2019s only about a 1 in 100 chance for known particles to produce such an event, a statistical significance of 2.6 sigma. Three sigma is usually needed to claim evidence in physics, and five sigma is the bar for a detection.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A previous analysis had combed through the same data looking for atomic nuclei recoiling at low energies, which is the typical expectation for WIMP interactions.\u00a0That effort came up empty. But dark matter particles might interact in a way that makes atomic nuclei recoil with particular oomph.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For example, dark matter particles could have different energy states, much like an atom does. The dark matter might interact only if there\u2019s enough energy to bump it up to the next level, putting a threshold on the energy of the atomic nucleus it kicks away. For that type of interaction, dark matter events are expected to occur preferentially in the summer, when Earth is meeting the galaxy\u2019s stream of dark matter head-on, producing higher-energy collisions. That makes an event in June particularly notable, says theoretical physicist Neal Weiner of NYU.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A dark matter hint stands alone?<\/h3>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">LZ searches for two back-to-back light signals to hunt for dark matter. The relationship between the two signals helps scientists isolate dark matter particles from other interactions. Data points that fall in the arcing band are consistent with known sources such as radioactive decays. The search window for this analysis is indicated by the dashed box. The lone event in the top right is the potential dark matter particle. The bottom left point is consistent with a signal 1 accidentally matching up with an unrelated signal 2.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignfull\"><figcaption><span class=\"credit mobile-credit wp-credit-3178816\">The LZ Collaboration<\/span><span class=\"credit desktop-credit wp-credit-3178815\">The LZ Collaboration<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<aside class=\"sn-conversion rich-text rich-text--with-sidebar\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">Sponsor Message<\/p>\n<p><!-- Tag ID: sciencenews-org_leaderboard_incontent --><br \/>\n<\/aside>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If the event is dark matter, it wouldn\u2019t be the simplest possible version of it. But that doesn\u2019t necessarily make it less tenable. \u201cIt\u2019s not a crazy signal,\u201d says theoretical physicist Matthew Reece of Harvard University. Theoretical physicists don\u2019t have to invent brand-new ideas to explain it. \u201cFrom that point of view, it\u2019s very plausible \u2026 which makes me relatively optimistic.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Dark matter experiments have a history of getting scientists\u2019 hopes up and then dashing them. For example, in 2020 the XENON1T experiment saw a possible <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenews.org\/article\/unexpected-result-dark-matter-experiment-new-particles\">sign of unidentified new particles<\/a> that was quashed by its successor.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dark matter or no, the analysis proves the potential of LZ and other dark matter experiments. \u201cWe have these incredible machines that these teams have put together,\u201d Weiner says. \u201cAnd the question is, can they use them to look for these broader categories of scenarios? And one really exciting top-line result is, yes, they can.\u201d<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><span class=\"caption wp-caption-3178812\">Sensors called photomultiplier tubes (gold) detect light in LZ. The pictured sensors are part of the detector\u2019s veto system, which helps eliminate signals that are due to processes other than dark matter.<\/span><span class=\"credit wp-credit-3178812\">Matthew Kapust\/Sanford Underground Research Laboratory<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Meanwhile, LZ has already collected additional data \u2014 at least three times as much as what the researchers have already analyzed. If dark matter really is behind this event, there are likely others waiting to be found.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cPeople have looked for [dark matter] for such a long time, and with growing frustration that it hasn\u2019t been found,\u201d Haxton says. \u201cIt would be very nice if this event is followed by a few more.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>One day in June 2023, the numerous, unblinking electronic eyes of the LUX-ZEPLIN detector may have glimpsed something remarkable \u2014 possibly the first direct detection of the shadowy dark matter that pervades the cosmos. Or it may have been just another Friday. A new analysis of data from LUX-ZEPLIN, or LZ, found a single particle [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[10],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.adviews.info\/news\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/105831"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.adviews.info\/news\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.adviews.info\/news\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.adviews.info\/news\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.adviews.info\/news\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=105831"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.adviews.info\/news\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/105831\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.adviews.info\/news\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=105831"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.adviews.info\/news\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=105831"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.adviews.info\/news\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=105831"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}